Magneto-Ionic Switching of Superparamagnetism

Small. 2019 Nov;15(46):e1904523. doi: 10.1002/smll.201904523. Epub 2019 Oct 1.

Abstract

Electrochemical reactions represent a promising approach to control magnetization via electric fields. Favorable reaction kinetics have made nanoporous materials particularly interesting for magnetic tuning experiments. A fully reversible ON and OFF switching of magnetism in nanoporous Pd(Co) at room temperature is demonstrated, triggered by electrochemical hydrogen sorption. Comprehensive magnetic characterization in combination with high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy reveals the presence of Co-rich, nanometer-sized clusters in the nanoporous Pd matrix with distinct superparamagnetic behavior. The strong magneto-ionic effect arises from coupling of the magnetic clusters via a Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yoshida-type interaction in the Pd matrix which is strengthened upon hydrogen sorption. This approach offers a new pathway for the voltage control of magnetism, for application in spintronic or microelectromagnetic devices.

Keywords: electrochemical dealloying; magneto-ionic effect; nanoporous metals; superparamagnetism.