Reprogramming extracellular vesicles with engineered proteins

Xiaojing Shi; Qinqin Cheng; Yong Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.09.017

Reprogramming extracellular vesicles with engineered proteins

Methods. 2020 May 1:177:95-102. doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.09.017. Epub 2019 Sep 27.

Authors

Xiaojing Shi¹, Qinqin Cheng¹, Yong Zhang²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
² Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Chemistry, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Research Center for Liver Diseases, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. Electronic address: yongz@usc.edu.

PMID: 31568822
DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.09.017

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been emerging as a new class of cell-free therapy for the treatment of a variety of diseases, including cancer, tissue injuries, and inflammatory diseases. Reprograming native EVs by genetic engineering and other approaches offers an attractive prospect of extending therapeutic capabilities of EVs beyond their natural functions and properties. In this review article, we survey the state-of-the-art methods of EVs engineering and summarize major therapeutic applications of the reprogrammed EVs.

Keywords: Cell-free therapy; Drug delivery; Extracellular vesicles; Fusion protein; Protein engineering.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Antigens, Surface / genetics
Antigens, Surface / metabolism
Cell-Free System / chemistry
Cell-Free System / metabolism
Chemical Engineering / methods*
Drug Delivery Systems / methods*
Extracellular Vesicles / chemistry
Extracellular Vesicles / metabolism*
Extracellular Vesicles / transplantation
Gene Expression
Humans
Inflammation / therapy*
Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2 / genetics
Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2 / metabolism
Milk Proteins / genetics
Milk Proteins / metabolism
Molecular Targeted Therapy / methods
Neoplasms / genetics
Neoplasms / metabolism
Neoplasms / pathology
Neoplasms / therapy*
Protein Binding
Protein Engineering / methods*
Recombinant Fusion Proteins / genetics
Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
Tetraspanins / genetics
Tetraspanins / metabolism

Substances

Antigens, Surface
LAMP2 protein, human
Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2
MFGE8 protein, human
Milk Proteins
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Tetraspanins