Anesthetic Management for Paraesophageal Hernia Repair

Thorac Surg Clin. 2019 Nov;29(4):447-455. doi: 10.1016/j.thorsurg.2019.07.007. Epub 2019 Sep 26.

Abstract

Paraesophageal hernia repairs are complex surgical cases frequently performed on patients of advanced age with multiple comorbidities, both of which create difficulties in the anesthetic management. Preoperative evaluation is challenging because of overlapping cardiopulmonary symptoms. The patient's symptoms and anatomy lead to an increased aspiration risk and the potential need for a rapid sequence induction. Depending on the surgical approach, lung isolation may be required. Communication with the surgeon is vital throughout the case, especially when placing gastric tube and bougies. Multimodal analgesia should include regional and/or neuraxial techniques, in addition to the standard intravenous and oral pain medications.

Keywords: Anesthetic management; Aspiration risk; Carbon dioxide insufflation-pathophysiology; Intraoperative complications; Pain control; Paraesophageal hernia.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Airway Management / methods
  • Anesthesia, General / methods*
  • Fluid Therapy / methods
  • Hernia, Hiatal / surgery*
  • Herniorrhaphy / methods*
  • Humans
  • Intubation, Gastrointestinal / methods
  • Laparoscopy
  • Neuromuscular Blocking Agents / therapeutic use
  • Pain, Postoperative / therapy
  • Respiration, Artificial / methods
  • Risk Assessment

Substances

  • Neuromuscular Blocking Agents