Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a subclinical inflammatory state, which contributes to increased mortality in CKD patients. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between chosen cytokines, such as IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-2p70, IL-6, and kidney function as well as the body composition and nutritional markers in patients with CKD and diabetes mellitus type 2.
Materials and methods: 21 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and CKD stage 3b - 5, with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) lower than 45 mL/min/1.72m2, not being treated with dialysis were included in the study. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance spectroscopy (Body Composition Monitor - Fresenius Medical Care).
Results: Significant, negative correlations between lean tissue index (LTI) and IFN-γ concentrations (r = -0.52, p = 0.021) as well as IL-6 concentrations (r = -0.46, p = 0.047) were observed. Only the IL-6 levels significantly correlated with kidney function expressed by eGFR (r = -0.47, p = 0.034). We observed a significant positive correlation between IL-6 level and IFN-γ (r = 0.51, p = 0.019) as well as with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels (r = 0.48, p = 0.029). The IL-10 level significantly correlated with hsCRP (r = 0.53, p = 0.015).
Conclusion: In CKD patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 during conservative treatment, IL-6 levels were associated with kidney function expressed by eGFR. IL-6 levels and IFN-γ levels negatively correlated with the amount of muscle mass. Cytokines did not show any association with the amount of fat tissue this study.