Deep venous thrombosis rarely occurs in conjunction with other vascular anomalies, and is therefore an understudied area. Although arteriovenous fistulae (AVFs) most commonly arise from congenital defects or as a result of trauma, some reports suggest that they may form in association with thrombosis of cerebral veins. In this report, we present a case of acquired pelvic and lower extremity AVFs following left common iliac vein thrombosis. The special feature of this case is that the patient received a series of treatments of which recanalization resulted in best clinical outcome. As a result of long-term follow-up (5 years), this case allows for a better understanding of the natural progression of this rare disease.
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