Although immunotherapy has progressed in the treatment of bladder cancer, some patients still have poor prognosis. New therapeutic targets are eager to be discovered to improve the outcomes of bladder cancer. With the development of high-throughput sequencing and tumor profiling, potential tumor biomarkers were identified. Through the interpretation of related data from the Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA), some key genes have been discovered to drive the development and prognosis of urinary bladder neoplasm. On account of the success of immunotherapy in many cancer types, we established the relationship between tumor mutation burden and immune microenvironment of bladder cancer and found the changes of several immune cells in this disease. Based on the understanding of the bladder tumor genome and immune environment, this study is supposed to provide new therapies for the treatment of bladder neoplasm.