The study was organized relating to 70 cultures of Candida albicans isolates from 19 patients (n=45) and from objects of hospital environment (n=25) in July 2013 and October2014 in specialized department for HIV-infected patients. The genetypical characteristic was given related to candida on the basis of polymerase chain reaction of intronic area of gene 25s pRNA and also their biological characteristics taking into account genotype. The rate of prevalence of Candida genotypes A, B, С and В made up to 58.6%, 10%, 18.6% and 12,8% correspondingly. It was established significant predominance of C.albicans genotype A in various commensal (pharynx) and transitory (skin) loci. In most cases, they were a cause of candidiasis, including invasive candidiasis. Besides, epresentatives of this group more frequently (85%) contaminated objects of hospital environment (p=0.0013). The cultures of C.albicans genotype В (Candida dubliniensis) were small in numbers and were isolated only from ecological biotypes of patients without clinic of candidiasis, were not detected in environment, were least active with exo-enzymes (phospholipase and protease) and were sensitive to tested anti-mycotic. In various biotops of single patients as a rule the only one strain persisted. In a number of cases genotypically different cultures were isolated. The residence of patient in hospital enhanced joining of C.albicans of other genotypes and in two cases were established a total change of cultures. Thus, in hospital environment of specialized hospitals can develop and long-time circulate hospital strains of C.albicans with high enzyme activity. The source are HIV-infected patients themselves that increases risk of of development of candidiasis.
Keywords: 25SpRNA; Candida albicans; HIV-infection; biological characteristics; genotyping.