Optimization of the extraction condition for benzyl isothiocyanate contents in Salvadora persica roots "Siwak"

Maged S Abdel-Kader; Prawez Alam; Y T Kamal; Khalid M Alkharfy; Ahmed I Foudah; Saleh I Alqasoumi

doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2019.04.011

Optimization of the extraction condition for benzyl isothiocyanate contents in Salvadora persica roots "Siwak"

Saudi Pharm J. 2019 Sep;27(6):753-755. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.04.011. Epub 2019 Apr 20.

Authors

Maged S Abdel-Kader^{1

2}, Prawez Alam¹, Y T Kamal³, Khalid M Alkharfy⁴, Ahmed I Foudah¹, Saleh I Alqasoumi⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942 Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
² Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21215, Egypt.
³ Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Benzyl isothocyanate is the major active antibacterial metabolite in Salvadora persica roots "Siwak" beside two minor isothiocyanate derivatives namely; 3-methoxy benzyl isothiocyanate and 3-hydroxy benzyl isothiocyanate. The extraction condition effect on the amount of benzyl isothiocyanate was explored in detailed study. Both cold and hot extraction with different solvents was applied. The amount of benzyl isothiocyanate was estimated using HPLC and HPTLC. The results indicated that cold extraction of the fresh samples with chloroform offers the maximum amount of benzyl isothiocyanate. Drying process leads to great loss of the active component of Siwak.

Keywords: Benzyl isothiocyanate; HPLC; HPTLC; Salvadora persica; Soxhlet.