In vitro antimicrobial and anticancer properties of TiO2 blow-spun nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles

Roberta Ferreti Bonan; Mariaugusta Ferreira Mota; Rosiane Maria da Costa Farias; Sabrina Daniela da Silva; Paulo Rogério Ferreti Bonan; Luciana Diesel; Romualdo Rodrigues Menezes; Danyel Elias da Cruz Perez

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2019.109876

In vitro antimicrobial and anticancer properties of TiO₂ blow-spun nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2019 Nov:104:109876. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109876. Epub 2019 Jun 8.

Authors

Roberta Ferreti Bonan¹, Mariaugusta Ferreira Mota², Rosiane Maria da Costa Farias², Sabrina Daniela da Silva³, Paulo Rogério Ferreti Bonan⁴, Luciana Diesel⁵, Romualdo Rodrigues Menezes², Danyel Elias da Cruz Perez⁶

Affiliations

¹ Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, School of Dentistry, Department of Clinical and Preventive Dentistry, Oral Pathology Section, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
² Federal University of Campina Grande, Department of Materials Engineering, Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil.
³ Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Canada.
⁴ Federal University of Paraiba, Department of Dentistry, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil.
⁵ Lutheran University of Brazil, Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Brazil.
⁶ Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, School of Dentistry, Department of Clinical and Preventive Dentistry, Oral Pathology Section, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Electronic address: danyel.perez@ufpe.br.

PMID: 31500007
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109876

Abstract

Nanosilver immobilized on TiO₂ nanometric fibers (Ag/TiO₂) was produced by solution blow spinning and characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, N₂ adsorption/desorption, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, water contact angle, and inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy analyses. The in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer activities of the produced nanofibers was also investigated. Ag/TiO₂ nanofibers revealed a crystalline structure compatible with the rutile crystalline phase, as well as a mesoporous and superhydrophilic nature. XPS profiles showed Ti⁴⁺ and Ag⁰, indicating a strong interaction between the Ag nanoparticles and TiO₂. The Ag/TiO₂ nanofibers presented antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Escherichia coli. The release of silver ions from 5 mg∙mL^-1 and 50 mg∙mL^-1 of Ag/TiO₂ nanofibers was approximately 0.08 μg∙mL^-1 and 0.18 μg∙mL^-1, respectively. The nanofiber cytotoxicity in both macrophages (ATCC RAW 264.7) and cancer cells (murine AT-84 oral squamous carcinoma cells) was dose-dependent. A concentration of 5 mg∙mL^-1 induced partial suppression growth and migration of cancer cells, while a concentration of 50 mg∙mL^-1 resulted in complete inhibition of proliferation and migration of murine AT-84 cells. The overall results indicate that Ag/TiO₂ nanofibers can selectively inhibit the cellular mechanism of AT-84 by apoptosis with DNA damage and cell death. The antimicrobial and anticancer performance of Ag/TiO₂ nanofibers is probably the result of its nanometric dimension, high surface reactivity, and the interaction between TiO₂ and Ag. Electron transfer at the metal-semiconductor interface and reactive oxygen species production, in addition to the biological activity of released silver ions, confirm the potential for use as an agent in antimicrobial and anticancer therapy.

Keywords: Anticancer activity; Nanofibers; Rutile; Silver; Solution blow spinning.

MeSH terms

Anti-Infective Agents / chemistry*
Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacology
Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry*
Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
Bacteria / drug effects
Metal Nanoparticles / chemistry*
Microbial Sensitivity Tests / methods
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / methods
Microscopy, Electron, Transmission / methods
Nanofibers / chemistry*
Photoelectron Spectroscopy / methods
Silver / chemistry*
Titanium / chemistry*
X-Ray Diffraction / methods

Substances

Anti-Infective Agents
Antineoplastic Agents
titanium dioxide
Silver
Titanium