Quantification of folate in food using deconjugase of plant origin combined with LC-MS/MS: A method comparison of a large and diverse sample set

Abstract

A round robin comparison was performed in order to test the performance of a recently developed LC-MS/MS method for quantification of 6 folate forms. Eighty-nine samples representing the food groups of fruits, vegetables, legumes, cereals, dairy products, meat, and offal were analyzed by two LC-MS/MS methods and a microbiological assay (MA). A plant-origin deconjugase enzyme (Arabidopsis thaliana) for deconjugation of folates (PE-LC-MS/MS), or animal-origin deconjugase (rat serum and chicken pancreas) (AE-LC-MS/MS) was used in the LC-MS/MS methods, each in a single enzymatic step. In contrast, the MA involved tri-enzyme extraction including human plasma as a deconjugase. A significant bias of 17% lower and 25% higher results was found when PE-LC-MS/MS was compared to MA and AE-LC-MS/MS, respectively. The PE-LC-MS/MS provides fast quantification of various folate vitamers and total folate content, which could be a proper substitute to the currently standardized but imprecise and time-consuming microbiological assay in the future.

Keywords: 10-Formylfolic acid (PubChem CID: 3080544); 5,10-Methenyltetrahydrofolate (PubChem CID: 439237); 5-Formyltetrahydrofolate (PubChem CID: 149436); 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate (PubChem CID: 439234); Deconjugase enzymes; Folates; Folic acid (PubChem CID: 6037); Food; LC-MS/MS; Method comparison; Microbiological assay; Tetrahydrofolate (PubChem CID: 1129).