Local Anesthetics: Pharmacology and Special Preparations

Michele Barletta; Rachel Reed

doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2019.07.004

Local Anesthetics: Pharmacology and Special Preparations

Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2019 Nov;49(6):1109-1125. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2019.07.004. Epub 2019 Aug 30.

Authors

Michele Barletta¹, Rachel Reed²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 2200 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA. Electronic address: mbarlett@uga.edu.
² Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 2200 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA.

PMID: 31474415
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2019.07.004

Abstract

Local anesthetics are the only class of drugs that can block transduction and transmission of nociception. Physical properties, mechanism of action, and pharmacokinetics of this class of drugs are reviewed in this article. The clinical use, such intravenous administration of lidocaine, and local and systemic toxic effects are covered. A review of current studies published in the human and veterinary literature on lidocaine patches (Lidoderm) and liposomal bupivacaine (Experal and Nocita) are discussed.

Keywords: Clinical use; Exparel; Lidocaine patch; Liposomal bupivacaine; Local anesthetics; Nocita; Pharmacology.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Anesthesia, Local / methods
Anesthesia, Local / veterinary*
Anesthetics, Local / administration & dosage*
Animals
Lidocaine / administration & dosage
Pets*

Substances

Anesthetics, Local
Lidoderm
Lidocaine