Electrochemical Properties of Na0.66V4O10 Nanostructures as Cathode Material in Rechargeable Batteries for Energy Storage Applications

Rakesh Saroha; Tuhin S Khan; Mahesh Chandra; Rishabh Shukla; Amrish K Panwar; Amit Gupta; M Ali Haider; Suddhasatwa Basu; Rajendra S Dhaka

doi:10.1021/acsomega.9b00105

Electrochemical Properties of Na_0.66V₄O₁₀ Nanostructures as Cathode Material in Rechargeable Batteries for Energy Storage Applications

ACS Omega. 2019 Jun 6;4(6):9878-9888. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00105. eCollection 2019 Jun 30.

Authors

Rakesh Saroha¹, Tuhin S Khan¹, Mahesh Chandra¹, Rishabh Shukla¹, Amrish K Panwar², Amit Gupta¹, M Ali Haider¹, Suddhasatwa Basu¹, Rajendra S Dhaka¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics, Department of Chemical Engineering, and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
² Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, Rohini, Delhi 110042, India.

Abstract

We report the electrochemical performance of nanostructures of Na_0.66V₄O₁₀ as cathode material for rechargeable batteries. The Rietveld refinement of room-temperature X-ray diffraction pattern shows the monoclinic phase with C2/m space group. The cyclic voltammetry curves of prepared half-cells exhibit redox peaks at 3.1 and 2.6 V, which are due to two-phase transition reaction between V^5+/4+ and can be assigned to the single-step deintercalation/intercalation of Na ion. We observe a good cycling stability with specific discharge capacity (measured vs Na⁺/Na) between 80 (±2) and 30 (±2) mAh g^-1 at current densities of 3 and 50 mA g^-1, respectively. The electrochemical performance of Na_0.66V₄O₁₀ electrode was also tested with Li anode, which showed higher capacity but decayed faster than Na. Using density functional theory, we calculate the Na vacancy formation energies: 3.37 eV in the bulk of the material and 2.52 eV on the (100) surface, which underlines the importance of nanostructures.