Exhaust reactive dyeing of lyocell fabric with ultrasonic energy

Aijaz Ahmed Babar; Noor-Ul-Ain Bughio; Mazhar Hussain Peerzada; Tayyab Naveed; Abdul Qadeer Dayo

doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.028

Exhaust reactive dyeing of lyocell fabric with ultrasonic energy

Ultrason Sonochem. 2019 Nov:58:104611. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.028. Epub 2019 May 27.

Authors

Aijaz Ahmed Babar¹, Noor-Ul-Ain Bughio², Mazhar Hussain Peerzada³, Tayyab Naveed⁴, Abdul Qadeer Dayo⁵

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Textile Engineering Department, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro 76060, Pakistan. Electronic address: aijaz@admin.muet.edu.pk.
² Textile Engineering Department, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro 76060, Pakistan.
³ Textile Engineering Department, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro 76060, Pakistan. Electronic address: mazhar.peerzada@faculty.muet.edu.pk.
⁴ Department of Textile Engineering and Technology, University of Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan.
⁵ Department of Chemical Engineering, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 83700, Pakistan.

PMID: 31450343
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.028

Abstract

Successful dyeing of lyocell, a biodegradable regenerated cellulose fiber, in fabric form is a challenging job. This article reports the successful reactive dyeing of lyocell fabrics with assistance of ultrasonic (US) energy via exhaust process, and compares the results with conventional (CN) exhaust dyeing process. Two commercial reactive dyes CI Reactive Red 195 and CI Reactive Blue 250 were used. Factors affecting dyeing such as fixation time, temperature and dyeing auxiliaries were compared for both processes. Under identical dyeing conditions, US dyed samples offered significantly much higher dyeing performance (i.e. color yield (>40%), dye fixation (>17%)) compared to CN process. Additionally, US exhaust process resulted in significant savings in terms of thermal energy (10 °C), capital (20 g/L NaCl and 2 g/L Na₂CO₃), and offered 33% higher production rate with yet improved dyeing performance (color yield up to ~7%, dye fixation up to ~5%) when compared under recommended conditions for two processes. Moreover, US dyeing poses considerably lower pollution (chemical oxygen demand 15-18% and total dissolved solids 32-36%) to the effluent in comparison to CN exhaust dyeing process. Furthermore, nearly identical colorfastness results and fiber surface morphology endorse use of US energy as a better, cost effective and relatively environment friendly technique for successful reactive dyeing of lyocell.

Keywords: Color yield; Dye fixation; Exhaust dyeing; Lyocell fabric; Reactive dyes; Ultrasonic energy.