Time window to constrain the corner value of the global seismic-moment distribution

PLoS One. 2019 Aug 19;14(8):e0220237. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220237. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

It is well accepted that, at the global scale, the Gutenberg-Richter (GR) law describing the distribution of earthquake magnitude or seismic moment has to be modified at the tail to properly account for the most extreme events. It is debated, though, how much additional time of earthquake recording will be necessary to properly constrain this tail. Using the global CMT catalog, we study how three modifications of the GR law that incorporate a corner-value parameter are compatible with the size of the largest observed earthquake in a given time window. Current data lead to a rather large range of parameter values (e.g., corner magnitude from 8.6 to 10.2 for the so-called tapered GR distribution). Updating this estimation in the future will strongly depend on the maximum magnitude observed, but, under reasonable assumptions, the range will be substantially reduced by the end of this century, contrary to claims in previous literature.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Computer Simulation
  • Earthquakes / classification*
  • Earthquakes / statistics & numerical data
  • Geological Phenomena
  • Models, Statistical
  • Time Factors

Grants and funding

This work was supported by “La Caixa” Foundation and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO, Spain), through Grants FIS2015-71851-P, FIS-PGC2018-099629-B-I00, “Proyecto Redes de Excelencia” Grant No. MAT2015-69777-REDT and the “Maria de Maeztu” Programme for Units of Excellence in R & D (Grant No. MDM-2014-0445). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.