Direct and Indirect Cost of Obesity Among the Privately Insured in the United States: A Focus on the Impact by Type of Industry

J Occup Environ Med. 2019 Nov;61(11):877-886. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001693.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate obesity-related costs and body mass index (BMI) as a cost predictor among privately insured employees by industry.

Methods: Individuals with/without obesity were identified using the Optum Health Reporting and Insights employer claims database (January, 2010 to March, 2017). Direct/indirect costs were reported per-patient-per-year (PPPY). Multivariate models were used to estimate the association between obesity and high costs (more than or equal to 80th percentile) by industry.

Results: Overall (N = 86,221), direct and absenteeism/disability cost differences between class I obesity (BMI 30.0 to 34.9) and reference were $1,775 and $617 PPPY, respectively (P < 0.05). Among employees with obesity (BMI more than or equal to 30), highest total costs were observed in the government/education/religious services, food/entertainment services, and technology industries. Class I obesity increased the odds of high costs (more than or equal to 80th percentile) within each industry (odds ratios vs reference = 1.09-5.17).

Conclusions: Obesity (BMI more than or equal to 30) was associated with high costs among employees of major US industries.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Absenteeism*
  • Administrative Claims, Healthcare
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Body Mass Index*
  • Female
  • Health Care Costs / statistics & numerical data*
  • Hospitalization / economics
  • Humans
  • Industry / statistics & numerical data*
  • Insurance, Disability / economics*
  • Insurance, Health
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / economics*
  • Presenteeism / economics
  • Retrospective Studies
  • United States
  • Workers' Compensation / economics
  • Young Adult