Comparison of Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of 5 Heat-treated Nickel-titanium Reciprocating Systems in Canals with Single and Double Curvatures

Abstract

Introduction: The goal of this study was to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of 5 heat-treated nickel-titanium files in reciprocating movement with the same tip size and different cross sections.

Methods: Five groups (WaveOne [Dentsply, Ballaigues, Switzerland], WaveOne GOLD [Dentsply], RECIPROC [VDW, Munich, Germany], RECIPROC BLUE [VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany], and TF [Sybron Endo, Glendora, CA] Adaptive) of 24 files each of the rotary files were examined. Cyclic fatigue resistance was compared between groups by determining the time needed to fracture and the number of cycles to failure in a cyclic fatigue testing device with 2 different curvatures, the first with a 5-mm radius of curvature and a 60° angle and the second with a double curvature, coronal curvature of 60° angle and a radius of 5 mm, and an apical curvature of 70° angle and a 2-mm radius. Scanning electron microscopic evaluation was performed at the fracture sites to investigate the types of fracture.

Results: RECIPROC BLUE group had a higher mean time to fracture followed by RECIPROC and WaveOne GOLD for both single and double curvature. WaveOne had a higher mean time to fracture in a single curvature canal than TF Adaptive, whereas the opposite was true for a double curvature canal. Both RECIPROC groups were significantly greater in cyclic fatigue resistance in comparison with all other groups (P < .05). WaveOne GOLD was significantly greater than the WaveOne and TF Adaptive groups (P < .05).

Conclusions: RECIPROC BLUE files exhibited significantly greater cyclic fatigue resistance compared with other files tested in an S-shaped artificial canal.

Keywords: Cyclic fatigue resistance; RECIPROC; RECIPROC BLUE; S-shaped canal; TF Adaptive; WaveOne; WaveOne Gold.