Objective: To investigate the short-term effectiveness of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis of super-age patients over 85 years old.
Methods: Senile patients with unilateral compartment osteoarthritis of the knee who received UKA between November 2013 and May 2017 and met the inclusion criteria were enrolled as the research objects. Among them, 40 patients (50 knees) were more than 85 years old (super-age group) and 44 patients (50 knees) were 52-81 years old (control group). There was significant difference in age between the two groups ( t=17.33, P=0.00). There was no significant difference in body mass index, degenerative classification of medial and lateral compartments, varus deformity of knee, disease duration, complicating diseases, and preoperative hemoglobin, hematocrit (HCT), American Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score, range of motion (ROM) of knee, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, and femoral-tibial angle (FTA) between the two groups ( P>0.05). Hospital stay, hemoglobin, and HCT of the two groups were recorded before operation and on the first day after operation. The changes of hemoglobin and HCT after operation were calculated. During follow-up period, the ROM of the knee, HSS score, and VAS score were measured; the position of the prosthesis and FTA were observed by X-ray films.
Results: There was no significant difference in hospital stay between the two groups ( t=1.05, P=0.29). Hemoglobin and HCT of the two groups on the first day after operation were significantly lower than those before operation ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the postoperative changes of hemoglobin and HCT between the two groups ( P>0.05). All the patients were followed up completely except 4 cases (5 knees) in the super-age group. The follow-up time ranged from 14 to 44 months of super-age group (mean, 29 months) and 21 to 33 months of control group (mean, 24 months). There were significant differences in HSS score, VAS score, ROM of the knee, and FTA between pre-operation and last follow-up in the two groups ( P<0.05). There was significant difference in HSS score between the two groups ( P<0.05), and no significant difference was found in ROM, VAS score, and FTA between the two groups ( P>0.05). X-ray film showed no adverse position of the prosthesis, infection around the prosthesis, prosthesis loosening, or pathological bright lines.
Conclusion: UKA combined with reasonable perioperative management in the treatment of super-age patients over 85 years with knee osteoarthritis is safe and feasible, and can obtain satisfactory short-term effectiveness.
目的: 探讨人工单髁关节置换术（unicompartmental knee arthroplasty，UKA）治疗 85 岁以上超高龄膝关节骨关节炎患者的近期疗效。.
方法: 以 2013 年 11 月—2017 年 5 月接受 UKA 的单间室膝关节骨关节炎患者为研究对象，其中年龄≥85 岁患者 40 例（50 膝）（超高龄组），年龄为 52～81 岁患者 44 例（50 膝）（对照组）。两组除年龄差异有统计学意义（ t=17.33， P=0.00）外，体质量指数、内外侧间室退变分级、膝内翻畸形、病程、合并疾病以及术前血红蛋白、红细胞比容（hematocrit，HCT）、美国特种外科医院（HSS）评分、膝关节活动度、疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）以及胫股角等一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。记录两组住院时间，术前及术后第 1 天血红蛋白及 HCT，计算其变化值，手术相关并发症发生情况。定期随访测量膝关节活动度，采用 HSS 评分评价膝关节功能，VAS 评分评价关节疼痛程度；X 线片复查假体位置，测量胫股角。.
结果: 超高龄组住院时间与对照组比较，差异无统计学意义（ t=1.05， P=0.29）。超高龄组及对照组术后第 1 天血红蛋白、HCT 均明显低于术前（ P<0.05）；组间血红蛋白、HCT 变化值比较，差异均无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。除超高龄组 4 例（5 膝）外，其余患者均获完整随访。超高龄组随访时间 14～44 个月，平均 29 个月；对照组随访时间 21～33 个月，平均 24 个月。末次随访时，两组膝关节 HSS 评分、VAS 评分、膝关节活动度、胫股角与术前比较，差异均有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。两组间 HSS 评分差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05），膝关节活动度、VAS 评分、胫股角差异无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。X 线片复查显示无假体位置不良、假体周围感染、假体松动及病理性透亮线。.
结论: UKA 治疗 85 岁以上超高龄膝关节骨关节炎患者，经合理围术期管理可获得满意近期疗效。.
Keywords: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty; knee; osteoarthritis; super-age patient.