Effect of spatial filtering on accommodation

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop and test a new method that uses natural images to investigate the influence of their spatial frequency content on the accommodation response (AR). Furthermore, the minimum spatial frequency content was determined that was necessary to induce an AR. Blur of the images was manipulated digitally in the Fourier domain by filtering with a Sinc function. Fourteen young subjects participated in the experiment. A 2-step procedure was used: (1) verifying that a high amount of Sinc-blur does not evoke accommodation, (2) increasing the width of the Sinc-blur filter in logarithmic steps until an AR was evoked. AR was continuously monitored using eccentric infrared photorefraction at 60 Hz sampling rate under monocular viewing conditions. Under condition (1), Sinc-blur of λ = 1 cpd did not evoke accommodation, while under condition (2) an average (mean ± standard deviation) Sinc-blur of λ = 5.57 ± 4.67 cpd (median: 4 cpd, interquartile range: 2-7 cpd) evoked accommodation. Dividing the subjects into myopes and emmetropes revealed that the myopic group required higher amounts of λ (higher spatial frequencies) to stimulate their accommodation (mean λ = 9.33 ± 4.99 cpd, for myopes; and mean λ = 2.75 ± 0.97 cpd, for emmetropes). Our results support the notion that the AR is most effectively stimulated at mid-spatial frequencies and that myopes may require higher spatial frequencies to elicit a comparable AR.

Keywords: Accommodation; Eccentric photorefraction; Myopia; Spatial frequency.