New biometric identification techniques are continually being developed to meet various applications. Electroencephalography (EEG) signals may provide a reasonable option for this type of identification due its unique features that overcome the lacks of other common methods. Currently, however, the processing load for such signals requires considerable time and labor. New methods and algorithms have attempted to reduce EEG processing time, including a reduction of the number of electrodes and segmenting the EEG data into its typical frequency bands. This work complements other efforts by proposing a genetic algorithm to reduce the number of necessary electrodes for measurements by EEG devices. Using a public EEG dataset of 109 subjects who underwent relaxation with eye-open and eye-closed stimuli, we aimed to determine the minimum set of electrodes required for optimum identification accuracy in each EEG sub-band of both stimuli. The results were encouraging and it was possible to accurately identify a subject using about 10 out of 64 electrodes. Moreover, higher frequency bands required a fewer number of electrodes for identification compared with lower frequency bands.
Keywords: Biometric identification; Electrodes selection; Electroencephalography (EEG); Frequency bands; Genetic Algorithm (GA).