As part of the 256th American Chemical Society National Meeting that was held in Boston, MA, U.S.A., in August 2018, the symposium on "Health-Promoting Food Ingredients" was organized in collaboration with Dr. Agnes Rimando (rest in peace). This symposium aimed to present the latest advances related to food ingredients (e.g., pure compounds, extracts, or additives) that potentially confer health benefits and reduce the development of lifestyle-related metabolic disorders (e.g., hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, among others). The studies presented included the evaluation of functional properties of bioactive compounds commonly found in foods, with an emphasis in (poly)phenols (anthocyanins, flavonols, and proanthocyanidins), and dietary fiber and their interaction with gut microbiota. Many studies were focused on whole extracts of foods and the bioactivity measured in vivo at the cellular level. The role of (poly)phenols in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes was highlighted.