Proanthocyanidins from the stem bark of Rhus tripartita ameliorate methylgloxal-induced endothelial cell apoptosis

Ali S Alqahtani; Wael M Abdel-Mageed; Abdelaaty A Shahat; Mohammad K Parvez; Mohammed S Al-Dosari; Ajamaluddin Malik; Maged S Abdel-Kader; Mansour S Alsaid

doi:10.1016/j.jfda.2019.02.002

Proanthocyanidins from the stem bark of Rhus tripartita ameliorate methylgloxal-induced endothelial cell apoptosis

J Food Drug Anal. 2019 Jul;27(3):758-765. doi: 10.1016/j.jfda.2019.02.002. Epub 2019 Mar 17.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
² Medicinal Aromatic & Poisonous Plants Research Centre, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
³ Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
⁴ Phytochemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
⁵ Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Pharmacognosy, Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Pharmacy, 11942, Al-kharj, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

In traditional Arabian medicine, the Rhus tripartita plant (family Anacardiaceae) has been used to treat inflammatory conditions. Although Rhus extracts have been reported for their cardioprotective effects, information regarding their active principle compounds remains insufficient. The present investigation was aimed at determining the antioxidant chemical constituents of the methanolic extract of R. tripartita stem bark and evaluating their ability to ameliorate methylglyoxal-induced endothelial cell apoptosis. Ten flavonoid compounds (1-10) were isolated and identified using DPPH radical scavenging bioassay-guided chromatographic separation. A new proanthocyanidin (rhuspartin) (1) was isolated and identified as 3,5,13,14-flavantetrol-(4β→8)-catechin, using extensive spectroscopic data and high resolution-mass spectrometry. Among the compounds (1, 5, 7-10) tested for toxicity toward cultured endothelial cells (HUVECs), the non-cytotoxic compounds 1 and 7 evinced cytoprotective potential that reversed the methylglyoxal-induced apoptosis (by 62% and 64%, respectively) through downregulation of caspase 3/7.

Keywords: Cardiovascular complications; Endothelial dysfunction; Oxidative stress; Proanthocyanidin; Rhus tripartita.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Antioxidants / chemistry
Antioxidants / isolation & purification
Antioxidants / pharmacology*
Apoptosis / drug effects*
Biphenyl Compounds / antagonists & inhibitors
Cell Proliferation / drug effects
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / drug effects*
Humans
Ketones / antagonists & inhibitors
Ketones / pharmacology
Picrates / antagonists & inhibitors
Plant Bark / chemistry
Plant Extracts / chemistry
Plant Extracts / isolation & purification
Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
Plant Stems / chemistry
Proanthocyanidins / chemistry
Proanthocyanidins / isolation & purification
Proanthocyanidins / pharmacology*
Rhus / chemistry*

Substances

Antioxidants
Biphenyl Compounds
Ketones
Picrates
Plant Extracts
Proanthocyanidins
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl

Grants and funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding this work through the Research Project No R6-17-02-14.