1 University of Sciences, Technique and Technology, Bamako, Mali. Electronic address: ebrahimsh2@gmail.com.
2 University of Sciences, Technique and Technology, Bamako, Mali. Electronic address: Sdoumbi@gmail.com.
3 Mercer University, Atlanta, USA. Electronic address: habidaec@gmail.com.
4 College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Saudi Arabia; Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: zmemish@yahoo.com.