Non-albuminuric reduced eGFR phenotype in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes

Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2019 Sep:155:107781. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.07.005. Epub 2019 Jul 4.

Abstract

Aims: To analyze the factors associated with non-albuminuric reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (NAeGFR-) phenotype in young people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study were enrolled 140 outpatient diabetic children (age 7-18 years), consecutively observed in the period 2016-2017. Eighteen subjects with microalbuminuria (defined as albumin excretion rate ≥ 30 mg/24 h) were excluded. Fasting HbA1c, uric acid (UA), neutrophils and lymphocytes count were recorded. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Schwartz's bed-side formula and reduced eGFR was defined by a value <90 mL/min/1.73 m2.

Results: Out of 122 subjects analyzed, 76 (62%) showed normal eGFR and 46 (38%) showed NAeGFR- phenotype. They were characterized by higher prevalence of male sex (57% vs 33%, p = 0.010), autoimmune diseases (26% vs 12%, p = 0.043), high UA levels (4.0 ± 0.9 vs 3.3 ± 0.9 mg/dl, p < 0.0001) and high Neutrophils/Lymphocytes ratio (1.5 [1.2-2.0] vs 1.3 [1.0-1.8], p = 0.023).

Conclusions: In our population, the prevalence on NAeGFR- phenotype is 38% and it is associated with male sex, high levels of UA, presence of other autoimmune diseases and low-grade inflammation. It should encourage pediatricians to monitor early both eGFR and UA in order to intercept diabetic youth more likely prone to develop progressive renal impairment.

Keywords: Children; Glomerular filtration rate; Microalbuminuria; Nephropathy; Type 1 diabetes mellitus.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Albumins / analysis*
  • Child
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / metabolism
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / physiopathology*
  • Female
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate*
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / analysis
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Italy / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Phenotype
  • Prevalence
  • Renal Insufficiency / epidemiology*
  • Uric Acid / analysis

Substances

  • Albumins
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A
  • Uric Acid