Background: Bifid mandibular condyle (BMC) is a rare etiology of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders characterized by a duplication of the head of the mandibular condyle.Case report: The authors report the case of a 20-year-old patient complaining of a painful and clicking TMJ and mandibular hypomobility, which had been progressing for several months. Radiological investigations (dental panoramic radiograph and X-ray CT scan) revealed right and left abnormalities of the TMJ due to bilateral BMC requiring surgical management.Conclusion: Despite a prevalence of 0.31% to 1.82% and the controversies surrounding its pathophysiology, maxillofacial surgeons should be aware of BMC to avoid misdiagnosis related to the clinical presentation (pain, clicking, hypomobility, or ankylosis) and provide adequate management.
Keywords: Temporomandibular joint; bifid mandibular condyle; management; temporomandibular dysfunction.