Impact of different exercise training modalities on energy and nutrient intake and food consumption in sedentary middle-aged adults: a randomised controlled trial

Abstract

Background: Exercise could influence energy and macronutrient intake, which could have an important role on body composition changes in response to exercise. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different training modalities in energy and macronutrient intake, and whether changes in energy and macronutrient intake influences changes in body composition in response to different training modalities.

Methods: A 12-week randomised controlled trial was conducted. Eighty middle-aged sedentary adults were randomised to: (i) a control group; (ii) physical activity recommendation from the World Health Organization; (iii) high-intensity interval training; and (iv) whole-body electromyostimulation training. Dietary intake was assessed using the average of three 24-h recalls.

Results: High-intensity interval training and whole-body electromyostimulation training groups showed lower fibre intake and higher dietary energy density. Our results showed a negative association was found between changes in energy intake and changes in lean mass index. No association was found between changes in protein intake and changes in lean mass index.

Conclusions: In conclusion, we observed a higher dietary energy density and lower fibre intake in high-intensity training groups.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03334357.

Keywords: High-intensity interval training; concurrent training; energy intake; food consumption; nutrient intake; whole-body electromyostimulation training.