Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of the biomaterials used in Nanocarrier drug delivery systems

Chong Su; Yingze Liu; Runzhi Li; Wei Wu; John Paul Fawcett; Jingkai Gu

doi:10.1016/j.addr.2019.06.008

Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of the biomaterials used in Nanocarrier drug delivery systems

Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2019 Mar 15:143:97-114. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.06.008. Epub 2019 Jun 28.

Authors

Chong Su¹, Yingze Liu², Runzhi Li¹, Wei Wu³, John Paul Fawcett¹, Jingkai Gu⁴

Affiliations

¹ Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China; Beijing Institute of Drug Metabolism, Beijing 102209, PR China.
² Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China; Beijing Institute of Drug Metabolism, Beijing 102209, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China.
³ Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
⁴ Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China; Beijing Institute of Drug Metabolism, Beijing 102209, PR China. Electronic address: gujk@jlu.edu.cn.

PMID: 31255595
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.06.008

Abstract

Nanocarriers (NCs) are a type of drug delivery system commonly used to regulate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of drugs. Although a wide variety of NCs has been developed, relatively few have been registered for clinical trials and even fewer are clinically approved. Overt or potential toxicity, indistinct mechanisms of drug release and unsatisfactory pharmacokinetic behavior all contribute to their high failure rate during preclinical and clinical testing. These negative characteristics are not only due to the NCs themselves but also to the materials of the drug nanocarrier system (MDNS) that are released in vivo. In this article, we review the main analytical techniques used for bioassay of NCs and MDNS and their pharmacokinetics after administration by various routes. We anticipate our review will serve to improve the understanding of MDNS pharmacokinetics and facilitate the development of NC drug delivery systems.

Keywords: Bioassay; Drug delivery systems; Nanocarriers; Nanoparticles; Pharmacodynamics; Pharmacokinetics.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Biocompatible Materials / pharmacokinetics*
Drug Carriers / pharmacokinetics*
Humans
Intestinal Absorption
Nanoparticles*
Tissue Distribution

Substances

Biocompatible Materials
Drug Carriers