Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) are an uncommon malignancy arising from the neuroendocrine cells of pancreas. Most cases of pNETs present with metastatic disease, but there are few reports in the literature describing pNETs metastasis to the lung and mediastinal lymph nodes [1]. Moreover, although a multimodal treatment including surgical resection and chemotherapy is acceptable for management of pNETs, advanced pNETs still remain a difficult therapeutic challenge [2, 3]. Radiotherapy or combined chemoradiotherapy has not been standard in the treatment of pNETs. An 80-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with cough and anorexia. She had been diagnosed and resected pNETs 8 years ago. Mass shadow was pointed out with chest X-ray, and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) was performed. Pathological examination revealed neuroendocrine tumors, so the lung mass was considered as metastasis of pNETs. Then, we discussed her treatment at Cancer Board, and radiotherapy was chosen. We hope this case suggests that radiotherapy will be one of the treatment options for metastatic pNETs.
Keywords: Lung metastasis; Mediastinal lymph nodes swelling; Neuroendocrine tumor; Radiotherapy.