Objective: To determine the long-term effect of weight loss on arterial stiffness, metabolic parameters in morbidly obese patients who underwent laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB).
Subjects: Forty-eight morbidly obese Caucasian subjects underwent LAGB from January 2009 to January 2010 and completed 4 years follow-up.
Measurements: Patients were evaluated for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, arterial blood pressure (BP), metabolic factors: leptin, adiponectin, glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin. Endothelial function - evaluated as reactive hyperemic index (RHI). Arterial stiffness - determined by cardio - ankle vascular index (CAVI).
Results: Average BMI decreased from 46.48±7.06 kg/m2 to 39.78±7.36 kg/m2 (1year, p<0.001) and 37.29±7.49 kg/m2 (4years, p=0.012). The systolic BP and heart rate reduction were observed after the 4 years. Changes in cardiovascular parameters were accompanied by waist circumference reduction and improvement of glucose metabolism,reduction of insulin, HbA1c, leptin, C-reactive protein values. However, there were statistically significant increases in CAVI 6.58±1.77m/s vs. 7.03±2.00 m/s (p=0.014) at 1 year, but not significant 7.12±2.19 (p=0.153) after 4 years. Endothelial changes were observed only in diabetic patients one year after LAGB 2.18±0.57 vs. 1.86±0.34 (p=0.021) vs. 2.05±0.42 (p=0.086).
Conclusion: Weight reduction induced by LAGB was associated with changes in body weight and metabolic parameters, but it was no improvement on endothelial function and arterial stiffness.
Keywords: Arterial Stiffness; Morbid obesity; bariatric surgery; endothelial function; laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding operation.