CRISPR technology to combat plant RNA viruses: A theoretical model for Potato virus Y (PVY) resistance

Microb Pathog. 2019 Aug:133:103551. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103551. Epub 2019 May 22.

Abstract

RNA viruses are the most diverse phytopathogens which cause severe epidemics in important agricultural crops and threaten the global food security. Being obligatory intracellular pathogens, these viruses have developed fine-tuned evading mechanisms and are non-responsive to most of the prophylactic treatments. Additionally, their sprint ability to overcome host defense demands a broad-spectrum and durable mechanism of resistance. In context of CRISPR-Cas discoveries, some variants of Cas effectors have been characterized as programmable RNA-guided RNases in the microbial genomes and could be reprogramed in mammalian and plant cells with guided RNase activity. Recently, the RNA variants of CRISPR-Cas systems have been successfully employed in plants to engineer resistance against RNA viruses. Some variants of CRISPR-Cas9 have been tamed either for directly targeting plant RNA viruses' genome or through targeting the host genes/factors assisting in viral proliferation. The new frontiers in CRISPR-Cas discoveries, and more importantly shifting towards RNA targeting will pyramid the opportunities in plant virus research. The current review highlights the probable implications of CRISPR-Cas system to confer the pathogen-derived or host-mediated resistance against phytopathogenic RNA viruses. Furthermore, a multiplexed CRISPR-Cas13a methodology is proposed here to combat Potato virus Y (PVY); a globally diverse phytopathogen infecting multiple crops.

Keywords: CRISPR; Cas13; PVY; Plant; RNA; Virus.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • CRISPR-Cas Systems*
  • Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
  • Crops, Agricultural
  • Disease Resistance / genetics*
  • Gene Editing / methods
  • Gene Targeting
  • Genes, Plant / genetics
  • Genome, Viral
  • Models, Theoretical
  • Plant Diseases / genetics*
  • Plant Diseases / prevention & control
  • Plant Diseases / virology
  • Plant Viruses / genetics*
  • Plant Viruses / immunology
  • Plant Viruses / pathogenicity
  • Plants / genetics
  • Plants, Genetically Modified / immunology
  • Plants, Genetically Modified / virology
  • Potyvirus / genetics*
  • Potyvirus / pathogenicity
  • RNA Viruses / genetics*
  • RNA Viruses / immunology
  • Ribonucleases / genetics

Substances

  • Ribonucleases