Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the growth factor within platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast and to observe the effectiveness of PRF.
Materials and methods: The colorimetric MTT assay, cell live and dead assay, alkaline phosphatase staining and activity assay, alizarine red S, and von Kossa staining were performed. Finally, the alterations of biomarkers associated with bone formation were verified at the mRNA level by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative real-time PCR. In in vivo study, 6 adult mongrel dogs were used. The defect was performed and divided into 3 groups: (1) defect left unfilled, (2) defect filled with only 0.25-g Bio-Oss, and (3) defect filled with 0.25-g Bio-Oss mixed with PRF.
Results: MTT and cell live and dead assay showed that PRF did not affect the cell viability in MG-63 cells. The alkaline phosphatase activity, calcification, and mineralization were gradually increased in the MG-63 cells treated with PRF. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of biomarker gene in the MG-63 cells treated with PRF were significantly higher than those of control. In in vivo study, both radiographical and histological evaluations showed that the new bone formations were significantly increased in the defecting bone region transplanted with Bio-Oss and PRF compared with Bio-Oss only at 2 weeks after transplantation.
Conclusion: PRF can promote the bone regeneration without any complications.