Survival and ice nucleation activity of Pseudomonas syringae strains exposed to simulated high-altitude atmospheric conditions

Sci Rep. 2019 May 23;9(1):7768. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-44283-3.

Abstract

Pseudomonas syringae produces highly efficient biological ice nuclei (IN) that were proposed to influence precipitation by freezing water in clouds. This bacterium may be capable of dispersing through the atmosphere, having been reported in rain, snow, and cloud water samples. This study assesses its survival and maintenance of IN activity under stressing conditions present at high altitudes, such as UV radiation within clouds. Strains of the pathovars syringae and garcae were compared to Escherichia coli. While UV-C effectively inactivated these cells, the Pseudomonas were much more tolerant to UV-B. The P. syringae strains were also more resistant to radiation from a solar simulator, composed of UV-A and UV-B, while only one of them suffered a decline in IN activity at -5 °C after long exposures. Desiccation at different relative humidity values also affected the IN, but some activity at -5 °C was always maintained. The pathovar garcae tended to be more resistant than the pathovar syringae, particularly to desiccation, though its IN were found to be generally more sensitive. Compared to E. coli, the P. syringae strains appear to be better adapted to survival under conditions present at high altitudes and in clouds.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Altitude
  • Atmosphere
  • Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / genetics
  • Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / metabolism
  • Climate
  • Cold Temperature / adverse effects
  • Escherichia coli / metabolism
  • Ice
  • Pseudomonas syringae / growth & development*
  • Pseudomonas syringae / metabolism*
  • Rain
  • Snow / microbiology
  • Ultraviolet Rays / adverse effects

Substances

  • Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins
  • Ice
  • ice nucleation protein