A Meta-Analysis of Mindfulness-Based Therapies for Insomnia and Sleep Disturbance: Moving Towards Processes of Change

Joshua A Rash; Victoria A J Kavanagh; Sheila N Garland

doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2019.01.004

A Meta-Analysis of Mindfulness-Based Therapies for Insomnia and Sleep Disturbance: Moving Towards Processes of Change

Sleep Med Clin. 2019 Jun;14(2):209-233. doi: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2019.01.004. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Authors

Joshua A Rash¹, Victoria A J Kavanagh¹, Sheila N Garland²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 232 Elizabeth Avenue, St John's, Newfoundland A1B 3X9, Canada.
² Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 232 Elizabeth Avenue, St John's, Newfoundland A1B 3X9, Canada; Division of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St John's, Newfoundland A1B 3V6, Canada. Electronic address: sheila.garland@mun.ca.

PMID: 31029188
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2019.01.004

Abstract

Mindfulness-based therapies (MBTs) are increasingly being investigated as a treatment for insomnia and general sleep disturbance, but significant gaps remain in the evidence base. In this article, the authors present (1) a unifying psychological process model that relates mindfulness to sleep; (2) a systematic review of the literature reporting on trials of MBTs for insomnia and sleep disturbance, which includes an assessment of quality of trial reporting, adaptation of MBTs for sleep, and whether mindfulness practice was associated with effects observed; and (3) a meta-analysis of MBTs for insomnia and sleep disturbance compared with attention/education and waitlist control groups.

Keywords: Insomnia; Mechanisms; Meta-analysis; Mindfulness; Sleep.

Publication types

Meta-Analysis
Review

MeSH terms

Humans
Mindfulness / methods*
Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care*
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / therapy*