Three-dimensional Assessment of the Breast: Validation of a Novel, Simple and Inexpensive Scanning Process

Carlo M Oranges; Srinivas Madduri; Philipp Brantner; Bilal Msallem; Salvatore Giordano; Benito Benitez; Daniel F Kalbermatten; Dirk J Schaefer; Florian M Thieringer

doi:10.21873/invivo.11548

Three-dimensional Assessment of the Breast: Validation of a Novel, Simple and Inexpensive Scanning Process

In Vivo. 2019 May-Jun;33(3):839-842. doi: 10.21873/invivo.11548.

Authors

Carlo M Oranges¹, Srinivas Madduri^{2

3

4}, Philipp Brantner⁵, Bilal Msallem^{5

6}, Salvatore Giordano⁷, Benito Benitez^{5

6}, Daniel F Kalbermatten², Dirk J Schaefer², Florian M Thieringer^{8

6}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic, and Hand Surgery, Basel University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland carlo.oranges@usb.ch florian.thieringer@usb.ch.
² Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic, and Hand Surgery, Basel University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
³ Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
⁴ Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
⁵ Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland.
⁶ Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.
⁷ Department of Plastic and General Surgery, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
⁸ Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland carlo.oranges@usb.ch florian.thieringer@usb.ch.

Abstract

Background/aim: Methods to assess three-dimensionally the breast surface are increasingly used in plastic and reconstructive surgery. The aim of this study was to validate the use of the Structure Sensor 3D scanner (Occipital, Inc., Boulder, CO, USA) connected to an iPad Pro (Apple, Inc., Cupertino, CA, USA) as a novel, inexpensive and handheld three-dimensional scanning process.

Materials and methods: Surface images of a medical human female anatomy torso model of rigid plastic were repeatedly acquired with Structure Sensor 3D scanner and compared with those obtained using two clinically established 3D imaging systems. Digital measurements of vector and surface breast distances were analyzed using Mimics® Innovation Suite 20 medical imaging software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium).

Results: The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed no statistically significant difference among measurements obtained using different scanning processes for all the variables examined (p>0.05).

Conclusion: The study demonstrates analogous practicability and reliability for surface image acquisition using the newly introduced Structure Sensor 3D scanner and other clinically established scanners.

Keywords: 3D scanning; photogrammetry; surface imaging; three-dimensional; virtual surgical planning.

MeSH terms

Analysis of Variance
Breast / diagnostic imaging*
Diagnostic Imaging* / methods
Diagnostic Imaging* / standards
Female
Humans
Imaging, Three-Dimensional* / methods
Imaging, Three-Dimensional* / standards
Reproducibility of Results
Tomography, X-Ray Computed