Purpose of review: To provide an overview of the different guidelines for hypertension management from around the world.
Recent findings: The guidelines discussed include those from the United States (US), Europe, Canada, and Latin America. All guidelines except the US define hypertension as > 140/90 mmHg, and the US defines it as > 130/80 mmHg. In general, all guidelines except those from the US emphasize lifestyle modification as the cornerstone of initial therapy given blood pressure levels < 140/90 mmHg. The US emphasizes lifestyle modification at all BP levels starting at 130/80 mmHg. Additionally, all guidelines emphasize the need to assess cardiovascular risk with the Canadian guidelines indicating that a high cardiovascular risk person should have a goal of < 130/80 mmHg. All agree on the proper method of blood pressure measurement techniques and importance of home blood pressure. All support use combination therapy with the European guideline emphasizing initial therapy should be a combination pill. All guidelines stress the importance of patient adherence to maintain blood pressure control. All guidelines emphasize lifestyle modification, need for home blood pressure measurement, as well as use of proper techniques to measure blood pressure. The fundamental difference between US and all other guidelines is the definition of hypertension, > 130/80 mmHg in US and > 140/90 mmHg in the rest of the world.
Keywords: Guidelines; Hypertension; Mortality; Outcomes.