Cerebral Hemodynamic Variations in the Early Stage after Carotid Artery Stenting in Patients with and without Near Occlusion

Abstract

Background: To evaluate the unclear cerebral hemodynamic variations in patients with and without near occlusion (NO) in hours after carotid artery stenting (CAS) by transcranial Doppler (TCD).

Methods: Data of 56 patients (11 patients with carotid artery NO and 45 patients with severe stenosis without NO) who underwent unilateral CAS were analyzed. All patients underwent TCD or transcranial color-code Doppler monitoring before CAS and again at one and three hours after the procedure. We compared bilateral middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV), pulsatility index (PI), and blood pressure (BP) data between the two groups.

Results: Ipsilateral MCA-PSV increased relative to baseline in the stenosis group at one hour (97 ± 30 vs. 84 ± 23 cm/s, 16%, P < 0.001) and three hours (96 ± 28 vs. 84 ± 23 cm/s, 15%, P < 0.001) after CAS. Corresponding increases were distinctly higher in the NO group than in the stenosis group at one hour (116 ± 37 vs. 80 ± 29 cm/s, 51%, P < 0.001) and three hours (113 ± 39 vs. 80 ± 29 cm/s, 46%, P = 0.001) after CAS, whereas BP decreased similarly between the two groups. The ipsilateral PI increased postsurgically in both groups, whereas contralateral MCA-PSV was unaltered.

Conclusions: CAS can induce a significant increase in PSV and PI in ipsilateral MCA within three hours in patients with NO or severe stenosis but absent NO. The increment of ipsilateral MCA-PSV was greater in patients with NO. TCD can facilitate BP control in the early stage after CAS in patients with NO.