Bacterial biofilm refers to a tunicate-like biological group composed of polysaccharide, protein and nucleic acid secreted by bacteria on the surface of the mucous membrane or biological material. The biofilm formation is a major cause of chronic infections. Bacteria could produce some secondary metabolites during the growth and reproduction. Some of them act as signaling molecules allowing bacteria to communicate and regulate many important physiological behaviors at multiple-cell level, such as bioluminescence, biofilm formation, motility and lifestyles. Usually, these signal molecules play an important role in the formation of bacterial biofilm. We review here the effects of related signal molecules of Quorum Sensing, cyclic diguanylate, Two-Component Systems and sRNA on the biofilm formation. Focusing on these regulation mechanism of signal molecules in the process of biofilm formation is necessary for the prevention and treatment of some chronic diseases.
细菌生物被膜 (Bacterial biofilm，BF) 是黏附于机体黏膜或生物材料表面、由细菌及其分泌的多聚糖、蛋白质和核酸等组成的被膜状生物群体，是造成持续性感染的重要原因之一。细菌在生长繁殖时会产生一些次级代谢产物，部分会作为生物信号分子在细胞内或细胞间传递信息，使细菌在多细胞水平协调统一相互配合，以完成一些重要的生理学功能，如生物发光、BF 的形成、运动与固定态生活方式的转换等。信号分子在BF 形成过程中起着重要的调控作用。文中从密度感应系统 (Quorum-sensing systems，QS)、环二鸟苷酸(Cyclic diguanylate，c-di-GMP)、双组分系统 (Two-component systems，TCS) 和sRNA 等方面介绍影响BF 形成的相关信号分子，重点对BF 形成过程中的信号分子调控机制进行概述，这对于深入揭示信号分子调控BF 形成的机制十分必要。.
Keywords: biofilm; c-di-GMP; quorum sensing; sRNA; signaling molecules.