Maternal Anemia and Coagulation/Fibrinolysis after Fetoscopic Laser Photocoagulation for Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome

Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2019;84(5):477-484. doi: 10.1159/000499913. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Abstract

Aim: This study was performed to evaluate maternal changes in laboratory characteristics after fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP) for twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS).

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted among 30 women with monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy with TTTS who underwent FLP at 16-26 weeks of gestation. Maternal laboratory parameters were measured before and after FLP.

Results: The pre-FLP mean hemoglobin level (10.0 g/dL), hematocrit level (30.0%), platelet count (229 × 109/mL), fibrinogen level (461 mg/dL), and antithrombin activity (96.8%) decreased after FLP (8.5 g/dL, 25.5%, 204 × 109/mL, 403 mg/dL, and 83.6%, respectively) and returned to normal spontaneously within 2 weeks (9.6 g/dL, 29.4%, 293 × 109/mL, 460 mg/dL, and 102.4%, respectively). The D-dimer level before FLP (2.41 μg/mL) increased after FLP (4.28 μg/mL), and the elevated level was maintained for 2 weeks (3.24 μg/mL). The symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) was not detected after FLP in any of the 30 patients. However, one woman had pulmonary embolism after subsequent cesarean section.

Conclusion: Changes in maternal anemia and coagulation/fibrinolysis after FLP for TTTS returned to normal spontaneously within 2 weeks. Maternal elevation of D-dimer level after FLP might be a warning indicator of VTE.

Keywords: Amnioreduction; Anemia; D-dimer; Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation; Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome; Venous thromboembolism.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anemia / etiology*
  • Blood Coagulation Disorders / etiology*
  • Cesarean Section
  • Female
  • Fetofetal Transfusion / surgery*
  • Fetoscopy / adverse effects*
  • Fetoscopy / methods
  • Fibrinolysis / physiology
  • Gestational Age
  • Humans
  • Laser Coagulation / adverse effects*
  • Laser Coagulation / methods
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology*
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications / etiology*
  • Pregnancy, Twin / physiology
  • Retrospective Studies