Comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genomes of five Achilidae species (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) and other Fulgoroidea reveals conserved mitochondrial genome organization

Shi-Yan Xu; Jian-Kun Long; Xiang-Sheng Chen

doi:10.7717/peerj.6659

Comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genomes of five Achilidae species (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) and other Fulgoroidea reveals conserved mitochondrial genome organization

PeerJ. 2019 Mar 26:7:e6659. doi: 10.7717/peerj.6659. eCollection 2019.

Authors

Shi-Yan Xu¹, Jian-Kun Long^{1

2}, Xiang-Sheng Chen¹

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Entomology, Special Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Insect Resources of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
² College of Animal Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.

Abstract

In the present study, the complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of five Achilidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea), Betatropis formosana, two new species (Magadhaideus luodiana sp. nov and Peltatavertexalis horizontalis sp. nov), Plectoderini sp. and Paracatonidia sp., were sequenced for the first time through next-generation sequencing. The five mitogenomes ranged from 15,214 to 16,216 bp in length, with the typical gene content and arrangement usually observed in Hexapods. The motif "ATGATAA" between atp8 and atp6 was found in all the analyzed species. An overlap "AAGCTTA" between trnW and trnC was observed in the mitogenomes of most Fulgoroidea. The structural and compositional analyses of 26 Fulgoroidea mitogenomes, including the gene rearrangement of five tRNAs (trnW, trnC and trnY; trnT and trnP), the A + T content and AT-skew of the whole mitogenomes, and the nuclear acid and amino acid compositions of the protein-coding genes (PCGs), revealed family-level differences between Delphacidae and other families (Achilidae, Flatidae, Fulgoridae, Issidae and Ricaniidae). Phylogenetic analyses of 13 protein-coding genes from 26 Fulgoroidea species by maximum likelihood and Bayesian Inference were consistent and well supported the basal position of Delphacidae, a close affinity among the families Flatidae, Issidae and Ricaniidae, and a close relationship between Achilidae and Fulgoridae.

Keywords: Achilidae; Fulgoroidea; Mitochondrial genome; Phylogeny.

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31601886 and 31093430); the Program of Science and Technology Innovation Talents Team, Guizhou Province (No. 20144001); the Program of Excellent Innovation Talents, Guizhou Province (No. 20154021); the Provincial Outstanding Graduate Program for Agricultural Entomology and Pest Control (ZYRC-2013); and the International cooperation base for insect evolutionary biology and pest control (No. 20165802). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.