For decades, the management of patients with advanced prostate cancer has been hormonal therapy, known as androgen deprivation therapy, which is intended to lower testosterone levels. Further incremental progress in the treatment of men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) has come from the addition of docetaxel or abiraterone acetate to androgen deprivation therapy for more aggressive upfront treatment regimens. Other combinatorial regimens testing the addition of novel therapies currently are in the late stages of development and are expected to further improve the clinical outcomes of these patients. The emergence of new positron emission tomography tracers specifically for prostate cancer, particularly prostate-specific membrane antigen and fluciclovine, has increased the ability to detect metastatic disease earlier in the course of the disease and has helped to describe a new group of patients with mHSPC and oligometastatic disease. For this group of patients with mHSPC, the authors discuss the existing data with metastasis-directed therapy and primary tumor-directed therapy.
Keywords: abiraterone; clinical trials; docetaxel; hormone sensitive; metastatic prostate cancer; oligometastatic disease; prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA).
© 2019 American Cancer Society.