Presbycusis is a sensorineural hearing loss caused by hearing system aging and degeneration. The clinical manifestations are progressive bilateral symmetrical hearing loss, and the hearing curve is mostly slope-shaped with high-frequency reduction, sometimes flat. The results of the second national sample survey of disabled persons (2006) showed that the total number of hearing and speech disability in China was 27.8 million, accounting for 34% of the total number of disabled people in China. Among them are people over 60 years old. There are 20.4541 million people with hearing disabilities. There are 9.49 million senile deaf patients, accounting for 34.1% of the total number of hearing disabilities. As society gradually becomes aging, the incidence of presbycusis is getting higher and higher. The study of its pathogenesis is of great significance for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of presbycusis. The rapid progress of molecular biology experimental technology has provided us with a new opportunity to fully understand and reveal the presbycusis. In the near future, early diagnosis of presbycusis-related genes and early prevention or delay of the occurrence and development of presbycusis will become a reality.
Keywords: Diagnosis; Etiology; Pathology; Presbycusis; Treatment.