To reveal the allocation pattern and stoichiometric characteristics of N and P in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation, we selected three P. sylvestris plantation with different stand ages (middle-aged, near-mature, mature) in the Hulunbuir, Horqin, and Mu Us sandy land as objects, and analyzed the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and the N:P stoichiometry ratios in the leaf, litter, and soil. The results showed that the contents of N, P and N/P ratios in leaf, litter and soil varied in the range of 0.17-49.02, 0.11-3.01 g·kg-1 and 0.51-19.74, respectively, with the order of leaf>litter>soil. The content of N and N:P ratio were significantly different between leaf, litter and soil; the P content in leaf was significantly higher than that in litter and soil. The different areas and stand ages affected N, P content and N/P stoichiometry ratio, but the interaction of area and stand age had no significant effect on N/P stoichiometry ratio. The N, P contents in leaf, litter and soil increased with stand age, and were highest in the mature forest. The contents of N, P and N/P ratios were significantly positively correlated among the leaf, litter and soil. In the Hulunbuir and Horqin sandy land, the N/P ratros of leaf were between 14.53 to 15.57, which indicated that the P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantations was restricted by both N and P availability. In Mu Us sand land, the N:P ratios of leaf were between 18.56 to 19.71, which indicated P limitation. The stand age had no significant influence on soil N and P limitation. To improve the productivity of P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantations, we could appropriately add N or P fertilization in the plantation tending management based on local conditions. Our findings could contribute to a further understanding of the mechanism of interactions and constraints between N and P in the leaf-litter-soil system of P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantations, and provide a scientific guidance for the management.
为揭示沙地樟子松人工林N、P分配格局及化学计量特征,以呼伦贝尔沙地、科尔沁沙地、毛乌素沙地不同龄组(中龄林、近熟林和成熟林)沙地樟子松人工林为研究对象,测定分析其叶片、枯落物和土壤N、P含量及化学计量比.结果表明: 研究区3个龄组沙地樟子松人工林叶片、枯落物和土壤N、P含量分别为0.17～49.02和0.11～3.01 g·kg-1,N/P为0.51～19.74,均表现为叶片＞枯落物＞土壤,且N含量和N/P在3个组分间存在显著差异,叶片P含量显著高于枯落物和土壤.不同地区或林龄对沙地樟子松人工林各组分N、P含量及N/P有一定的影响,但地区和林龄的交互作用对沙地樟子松人工林各组分N/P无显著影响.随着林龄的增加,沙地樟子松各组分N、P含量也增加,在成熟林达到最大值,而N/P没有表现出明显的规律.沙地樟子松人工林N、P含量及N/P在3个组分间呈显著正相关关系.呼伦贝尔沙地和科尔沁沙地樟子松叶片N/P在14.53～15.57,说明这两个地区沙地樟子松人工林的生长可能受N、P的共同限制;毛乌素沙地樟子松叶片N/P在18.56～19.71,说明该地樟子松人工林生长可能受P限制,且林龄对沙地樟子松N、P养分限制的影响不显著.建议在沙地樟子松人工林抚育管理时,依据当地实际情况适当添加N肥或P肥,以提高沙地樟子松林的生产力.研究结果有助于进一步了解N、P在沙地樟子松人工林叶片-枯落物-土壤系统中的相互作用与制约规律,并为沙地樟子松人工林经营管理提供科学依据.
Keywords: Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica; ecological stoichiometry; leaf; litter; soil; stand age.