The (medical) educational literature does not contain an unequivocal answer to the question 'what is a good quality post-graduate education in psychiatry?'.<br/> AIM: To describe the meaning of 'quality' and the role of psychiatrists in training (residents or trainees) in achieving and monitoring high-quality post-graduate psychiatry education in the Netherlands.<br/> METHOD: Critical consideration of the current system of post-graduate education in psychiatry.<br/> RESULTS: A qualitatively good post-graduate training system offers residents an optimal learning climate in which the individual development plan is central and there is opportunity to acquire a good basis for all competency domains. Possibilities for improvement concern the quality of supervisors, flexibility in internships and curricular education, and extra attention for management and policy skills.<br/> CONCLUSION: Suggestions are made for further development of post-graduate psychiatry training in the Netherlands.