Six new phenalenone derivatives (1⁻6), along with five known compounds (7⁻11) of the herqueinone class, were isolated from a marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp. The absolute configurations of these compounds were assigned based on chemical modifications and their specific rotations. 4-Hydroxysclerodin (6) and an acetone adduct of a triketone (7) exhibited moderate anti-angiogenetic and anti-inflammatory activities, respectively, while ent-peniciherqueinone (1) and isoherqueinone (9) exhibited moderate abilities to induce adipogenesis without cytotoxicity.
Keywords: Penicillium sp.; adipogenesis; anti-angiogenesis; anti-inflammatory; herqueinones; marine-derived fungi; phenalenones.