Development of Tungsten Oxide Nanoparticle Modified Carbon Fibre Cloth as Flexible pH Sensor

Mamun Jamal; Kafil M Razeeb; Han Shao; Jahidul Islam; Irani Akhter; Hidemitsu Furukawa; Ajit Khosla

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-41331-w

Development of Tungsten Oxide Nanoparticle Modified Carbon Fibre Cloth as Flexible pH Sensor

Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 15;9(1):4659. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-41331-w.

Authors

Mamun Jamal¹, Kafil M Razeeb², Han Shao³, Jahidul Islam⁴, Irani Akhter⁴, Hidemitsu Furukawa⁵, Ajit Khosla⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh. mamun.jamal@chem.kuet.ac.bd.
² Micro-Nano Systems Centre, Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Dyke Parade, Lee Maltings, Cork, T12 R5CP, Ireland. kafil.mahmood@tyndall.ie.
³ Micro-Nano Systems Centre, Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Dyke Parade, Lee Maltings, Cork, T12 R5CP, Ireland.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh.
⁵ Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Jonan 4-3-16, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan.
⁶ Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Jonan 4-3-16, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan. khosla@gmail.com.

Abstract

A reagent-less pH sensor based on disposable and low cost carbon fibre cloth (CFC) is demonstrated for the first time, where tungsten oxide nanoparticles were grown directly onto the CFC substrate. For comparison purpose, tungsten oxide nanoparticle modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was also fabricated as a pH sensor, where hydrothermally synthesized tungsten oxide nanoparticles were drop casted onto the GCE surface. The corresponding equilibrium potential using tungsten oxide/CFC as a pH sensor was measured using open circuit potential (OCP), and was found to be linear over the pH range of 3-10, with a sensitivity of 41.38 mVpH^-1, and response time of 150 s. In the case of tungsten oxide/GCE as a pH sensor, square wave voltammetry (SWV) was used to measure the shifts in peak potential and was found to be linear with a pH range of 3-11, and a sensitivity of 60 mVpH^-1 with a potential drift of 2.4-5.0% after 3 hour of continuous use. The advantages of tungsten oxide/CFC and tungsten oxide/GCE as pH sensing electrode have been directly compared with the commercial glass probe based electrode, and validated in real un-buffered samples. Thereby, tungsten oxide nanoparticles with good sensitivity and long term stability could be potentially implemented as a low cost and robust pH sensor in numerous applications for the Internet of Things (IoT).