The type of hospital (public or private) has been associated with the type of clinical practice carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between the type of hospital (public or private) and delivery attendance with practices based on the recommendations by the World Health Organization (WHO). A cross-sectional study with puerperal women (n = 2906) was conducted in Spain during 2017. The crude Odds Ratios (OR), adjusted (aOR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated through binary logistic regression. For multiparous women in private centers, a higher rate of induced labor was observed (aOR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.11⁻2.00), fewer natural methods were used to relieve pain (aOR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.35⁻0.73), and increased odds of cesarean section (aOR: 2.50; 95% CI: 1.81⁻3.46) were found as compared to public hospitals. For primiparous women in private centers, a greater use of the epidural was observed (aOR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.03⁻1.40), as well as an increased likelihood of instrumental birth (aOR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.09⁻2.15) and of cesarean section (aOR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.33⁻2.37) than in public hospitals. No differences were found in hospitalization times among women giving birth in public and private centers (p > 0.05). The World Health Organization birth attendance recommendations are more strictly followed in public hospitals than in private settings.
Keywords: birth; care suppliers; maternal outcomes; private hospital; public hospital.