Cannabis Use Disorder

Excerpt

According to the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), cannabis is considered a Schedule I drug. According to this classification, the drug has no accepted medical purpose at the federal level and has a high potential for abuse. The FDA-approved cannabis-derived and cannabis-related products are only approved for the treatment of particular conditions. These products contain purified cannabidiol (CBD) or synthetic delta-9- tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which are used for the treatment of seizure disorder and anorexia associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Cannabis is a plant of the Cannabaceae family that contains multiple biologically active compounds. The most potent compounds are THC and CBD. The FDA continues to categorize cannabis as a Schedule I drug with no accepted medical use at this time despite the increasing number of states that have allowed the medical use of cannabis and its derivatives. The FDA emphasizes its high potential for abuse and has attempted to introduce federal regulation to help curb the misuse.

Despite their efforts, cannabis (marijuana) is still one of the most commonly used drugs in the United States. The most common users are teenagers and adolescents, and usage declines as these groups age into adulthood due to careers, marriage, cohabitation, and parenthood. As expected, cannabis use has increased in recent years due to state-directed legislature. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM–5, defines cannabis use disorder as the presence of clinically significant impairment or distress in 12 months, manifested by at least 2 of the following:

1. Cannabis is taken in larger amounts or used over a longer period than intended

2. Persistent desire to cut down with unsuccessful attempts

3. Excessive time spent acquiring cannabis, using cannabis, or recovering from its effects

4. Cravings for cannabis use

5. Recurrent use resulting in neglect of social obligations

6. Continued use despite social or interpersonal problems

7. Important social, occupational, or recreational activities foregone to be able to use cannabis

8. Continued use despite physical harm

9. Continued use despite physical or psychological problems associated with cannabis use

10. Tolerance

11. Withdrawal symptoms when not using cannabis