One-dimensional InAs nanowire (NW)-based photodetectors have been widely studied due to their potential application in mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) photon detection. However, the limited performance and complicated photoresponse mechanism of InAs NW-based photodetectors have held back their true potential for real application. In this study, we developed ferroelectric polymer P(VDF-TrFE)-coated InAs NW-based photodetectors and demonstrated that the electrostatic field caused by polarized ferroelectric materials modifies the surface electron-hole distribution as well as the band structure of InAs NWs, resulting in ultrasensitive photoresponse and a wide photodetection spectral range. Our single InAs NW photodetectors exhibit a high responsivity ( R) of 1.6 × 104 A W-1 as well as a corresponding detectivity ( D*) of 1.4 × 1012 cm·Hz1/2 W-1 at a light wavelength of 3.5 μm without an applied gate voltage, ∼3-4 orders higher than the maximum value of photoresponsivity reported or commercially used MWIR photodetectors. Moreover, our device shows below band gap photoresponse for 4.3 μm MWIR light with R of 9.6 × 102 A W-1 as well as a corresponding D* of ∼8.5 × 1010 cm·Hz1/2 W-1 at 77 K. Our study shows that this approach is promising for fabrication of high-performance NW-based photodetectors for MWIR photon detection.
Keywords: Franz−Keldysh effect; InAs nanowires; electrostatic field; mid-wavelength infrared photodetection; photoresponsivity.