Cyanophage MazG is a pyrophosphohydrolase but unable to hydrolyse magic spot nucleotides

Environ Microbiol Rep. 2019 Jun;11(3):448-455. doi: 10.1111/1758-2229.12741. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Abstract

Bacteriophage possess a variety of auxiliary metabolic genes of bacterial origin. These proteins enable them to maximize infection efficiency, subverting bacterial metabolic processes for the purpose of viral genome replication and synthesis of the next generation of virion progeny. Here, we examined the enzymatic activity of a cyanophage MazG protein - a putative pyrophosphohydrolase previously implicated in regulation of the stringent response via reducing levels of the central alarmone molecule (p)ppGpp. We demonstrate, however, that the purified viral MazG shows no binding or hydrolysis activity against (p)ppGpp. Instead, dGTP and dCTP appear to be the preferred substrates of this protein, consistent with a role preferentially hydrolysing deoxyribonucleotides from the high GC content host Synechococcus genome. This showcases a new example of the fine-tuned nature of viral metabolic processes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Bacterial Proteins / chemistry
  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics
  • Bacterial Proteins / metabolism
  • Bacteriophages / classification
  • Bacteriophages / enzymology*
  • Bacteriophages / genetics
  • Base Composition
  • Catalytic Domain
  • Deoxyribonucleotides / metabolism*
  • Genome, Bacterial / genetics
  • Hydrolysis
  • Phylogeny
  • Pyrophosphatases / chemistry
  • Pyrophosphatases / genetics
  • Pyrophosphatases / metabolism*
  • Recombinant Proteins / chemistry
  • Recombinant Proteins / genetics
  • Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
  • Substrate Specificity
  • Synechococcus / classification
  • Synechococcus / enzymology
  • Synechococcus / genetics
  • Synechococcus / virology
  • Viral Proteins / chemistry
  • Viral Proteins / genetics
  • Viral Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Deoxyribonucleotides
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Viral Proteins
  • Pyrophosphatases