A Tablet App- and Sensor-Based Assistive Technology Intervention for Informal Caregivers to Manage the Challenging Behavior of People With Dementia (the insideDEM Study): Protocol for a Feasibility Study

Sven Kernebeck; Daniela Holle; Patrick Pogscheba; Felix Jordan; Fabian Mertl; Alina Huldtgren; Sebastian Bader; Thomas Kirste; Stefan Teipel; Bernhard Holle; Margareta Halek

doi:10.2196/11630

A Tablet App- and Sensor-Based Assistive Technology Intervention for Informal Caregivers to Manage the Challenging Behavior of People With Dementia (the insideDEM Study): Protocol for a Feasibility Study

JMIR Res Protoc. 2019 Feb 26;8(2):e11630. doi: 10.2196/11630.

Authors

Sven Kernebeck^{1

2}, Daniela Holle^{1

2}, Patrick Pogscheba³, Felix Jordan³, Fabian Mertl³, Alina Huldtgren³, Sebastian Bader⁴, Thomas Kirste⁴, Stefan Teipel⁵, Bernhard Holle^{1

2}, Margareta Halek^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Witten, Germany.
² Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany.
³ Faculty of Media, Hochschule Düsseldorf, University of Applied Sciences, Düsseldorf, Germany.
⁴ Institute of Computer Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
⁵ German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Rostock/Greifswald, Germany.

PMID: 30806626
PMCID: PMC6412157
DOI: 10.2196/11630

Abstract

Background: Despite the enormous number of assistive technologies (ATs) in dementia care, the management of challenging behavior (CB) of persons with dementia (PwD) by informal caregivers in home care is widely disregarded. The first-line strategy to manage CB is to support the understanding of the underlying causes of CB to formulate individualized nonpharmacological interventions. App- and sensor-based approaches combining multimodal sensors (actimetry and other modalities) and caregiver information are innovative ways to support the understanding of CB for family caregivers.

Objective: The main aim of this study is to describe the design of a feasibility study consisting of an outcome and a process evaluation of a newly developed app- and sensor-based intervention to manage CB of PwD for family caregivers at home.

Methods: In this feasibility study, we perform an outcome and a process evaluation with a pre-post descriptive design over an 8-week intervention period. The Medical Research Council framework guides the design of this feasibility study. The data on 20 dyads (primary caregiver and PwD) are gathered through standardized questionnaires, protocols, and log files as well as semistructured qualitative interviews. The outcome measures (neuropsychiatric inventory and Cohen-Mansfield agitation inventory) are analyzed by using descriptive statistics and statistical tests relevant to the individual assessments (eg, chi-square test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test). For the analysis of the process data, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology is used. Log files are analyzed by using descriptive statistics, protocols are analyzed by using documentary analysis, and semistructured interviews are analyzed deductively using content analysis.

Results: The newly developed app- and sensor-based AT has been developed and was evaluated until July in 2018. The recruitment of dyads started in September 2017 and was concluded in March 2018. The data collection was completed at the end of July 2018.

Conclusions: This study presents the protocol of the first feasibility study to encompass an outcome and process evaluation to assess a complex app- and sensor-based AT combining multimodal actimetry sensors for informal caregivers to manage CB. The feasibility study will provide in-depth information about the study procedure and on how to optimize the design of the intervention and its delivery.

International registered report identifier (irrid): DERR1-10.2196/11630.

Keywords: behavioral symptoms; caregivers; dementia; interventions; program evaluation; technology; telemedicine.

©Sven Kernebeck, Daniela Holle, Patrick Pogscheba, Felix Jordan, Fabian Mertl, Alina Huldtgren, Sebastian Bader, Thomas Kirste, Stefan Teipel, Bernhard Holle, Margareta Halek. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 26.02.2019.