Background: Training families of patients at risk for sudden cardiac death in basic life support (BLS) has been recommended, but remains challenging. This research aimed to determine the impact of embedding resuscitation training for patients in a cardiac rehabilitation programme on relatives' BLS skill retention at six months.
Design: Intervention community study.
Methods: Relatives of patients suffering acute coronary syndrome or revascularization enrolled on an exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation programme were included. BLS skills of relatives linked to patients in a resuscitation-retraining programme (G-CPR) were compared with those of relatives of patients in a standard programme (G-Stan) at baseline, following brief instruction and six months after. Differences in skill performance and deterioration and self-perceived preparation between groups over time were assessed.
Results: Seventy-nine relatives were included and complete data from 66 (G-Stan=33, G-CPR=33) was analysed. Baseline BLS skills were equally poor, improved irregularly following brief instruction and decayed afterwards. G-CPR displayed six-month better performance and lessened skill deterioration over time compared with G-Stan, including enhanced compliance with the BLS sequence ( p = 0.006 for group*time interaction) and global resuscitation quality ( p = 0.007 for group*time interaction). Self-perceived preparation was higher in G-CPR ( p = 0.002).
Conclusions: Relatives of patients suffering acute coronary syndrome or revascularization enrolled on a cardiac rehabilitation programme showed poor BLS skills. A resuscitation-retraining cardiac rehabilitation programme resulted in relatives' higher BLS awareness, skill retention and confidence at six months compared with the standard programme. This may suggest a significant impact of this formula on the family setting and support the active role of patients to enhance health education in their environment.
Keywords: Ischaemic heart disease; cardiac rehabilitation; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; defibrillation; health education; out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; sudden cardiac death.